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Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
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Current Evidence for the Prevention of Endophthalmitis in Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Injections
P Et Lau1, K S Jenkins2, C J Layton2
1College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
Journal of Ophthalmology
|September 4, 2018
Summary
Intravitreal injections are common in ophthalmology but carry a small risk of endophthalmitis. This review assesses current practices for intravitreal injections to minimize risks and improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Surgical Procedures
Background:
- Intravitreal injection is the most frequent ophthalmic procedure.
- While generally safe, it carries a risk of endophthalmitis, which can cause severe vision loss.
- Clinical practices vary despite available evidence, impacting patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated assessment of intravitreal injection procedures.
- To address variations and lack of consensus in clinical settings.
- To discuss factors influencing injection practices, including sterility and antibiotic use.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and evidence regarding intravitreal injection techniques.
- Assessment of procedural aspects: setting, ventilation, anesthesia, sterility control.
- Discussion of specific practices: bilateral same-day injections, topical antibiotic use.
Main Results:
- Significant variations exist in clinical practices for intravitreal injections.
- Emerging evidence influences decisions on speculum use, prophylactic antibiotics, and injection settings.
- Optimizing procedural elements can reduce infection and injury risks.
Conclusions:
- Standardizing intravitreal injection protocols is crucial for patient safety.
- Further research and consensus-building are needed to refine best practices.
- Adherence to updated guidelines can mitigate the risk of devastating visual morbidity.
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