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Denosumab in Patients with Giant Cell Tumor and Its Recurrence: A Systematic Review

Khodamorad Jamshidi1,2,3, Mohamad Gharehdaghi1,2,3, Sami Sam Hajialiloo1,2,3

  • 1Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
|September 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Denosumab effectively reduces giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) size, aiding surgery. However, it does not prevent tumor recurrence, and clinicians must weigh its benefits against potential risks.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) can cause significant bone destruction and skeletal-related events.
  • Denosumab, an osteoclastogenesis inhibitor, has shown potential in reducing tumor size.
  • Concerns exist regarding Denosumab's safety and efficacy in managing GCTB and its recurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of Denosumab for GCTB.
  • To evaluate Denosumab's impact on reducing bone destruction and skeletal-related events (SREs).
  • To assess Denosumab's role in primary GCTB and recurrent GCTB management.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from PubMed and Cochrane Library up to October 2016.
  • Independent data extraction and assessment by two reviewers.
  • Evaluation of primary outcomes (SREs, overall survival) and secondary outcomes (pain, quality of life, adverse events).

Main Results:

  • Denosumab demonstrated effectiveness in reducing GCTB size by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.
  • No significant effect of Denosumab was observed in reducing tumor recurrence rates.
  • Denosumab may be beneficial in cases with unresectable tumors or residual disease post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Denosumab is effective in decreasing GCTB size, potentially simplifying surgical interventions.
  • Denosumab does not appear to reduce the recurrence of GCTB.
  • Careful consideration of the risk-benefit profile is essential for clinicians when prescribing Denosumab for GCTB.
Keywords:
DenosumabGiant cell tumor of boneMeta-analysisRecurrenceSystematic review

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