Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip

Published on: June 4, 2020

3.6K

Unravelling the hip pistol grip/cam deformity: Origins to joint degeneration

Paul E Beaulé1, George Grammatopoulos1, Andrew Speirs2

  • 1The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|September 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cam morphology, a hip deformity, is a significant cause of early hip osteoarthritis (OA) in some individuals. This 9-year study confirms the link and suggests interventions to prevent degeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Preexisting abnormal hip morphology is a risk factor for early hip osteoarthritis (OA).
  • Cam morphology, a type of femoroacetabular impingement, is implicated in hip degeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between cam morphology and the development of hip OA.
  • To establish temporality, biological plausibility, and specificity of cam morphology as a cause of OA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 9 years of research, including pediatric population studies.
  • In silico (finite element analysis) and in vivo (imaging biomarkers) investigations.
  • Assessment of Hill's criteria to determine causality.

Main Results:

  • A strong association was found between cam morphology, reduced range of motion, hip pain, and cartilage degeneration.
  • Temporality was established, with cam morphology preceding joint degeneration.
  • Biological plausibility and gradient were demonstrated, linking deformity degree to damage extent.

Conclusions:

  • Cam morphology is a cause of hip OA in susceptible individuals.
  • Interventions to remove cam morphology can positively influence the degenerative process.
  • Recommendations for screening, follow-up, and patient-specific assessment are proposed to prevent early joint degeneration.

Keywords:
cam morphologyhipimpingementosteoarthritis

More Related Videos

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip08:43

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Published on: September 29, 2023

1.4K
Author Spotlight: A Novel 3D-Printed Titanium Implant for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Hip Dysplasia in Young Dogs08:40

Author Spotlight: A Novel 3D-Printed Titanium Implant for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Hip Dysplasia in Young Dogs

Published on: April 19, 2024

3.8K

Related Concept Videos

C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
49.2K
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
470
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
455
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
7.0K
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
3.8K
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
4.1K