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Acellular and Cellular Lung Model to Study Tumor Metastasis
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Acellular and Cellular Lung Model to Study Tumor Metastasis.

Dhruva K Mishra1, Min P Kim2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|September 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel ex vivo lung models to study tumor progression. These models allow observation of tumor cell interactions with natural lung matrices and cellular components, aiding in understanding metastasis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oncology
  • Pulmonary Research

Background:

  • Studying tumor progression and metastasis in vivo presents significant challenges.
  • Existing models often fail to replicate the complex tumor microenvironment and lung physiology.
  • A need exists for advanced models to investigate tumor cell behavior throughout different stages of disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel ex vivo lung models for studying tumor progression.
  • To enable the investigation of tumor cell interactions with natural lung matrices and cellular components.
  • To facilitate the study of primary tumor formation, circulating tumor cells, and metastatic lesion development.

Main Methods:

  • Creation of an acellular ex vivo lung model using decellularized rat heart-lung blocks.
  • Introduction of tumor cells into the trachea, allowing migration and colonization within the lung.
  • Perfusion of the lung model in a bioreactor with a continuous flow of media.
  • Development of a cellular ex vivo lung model by omitting the decellularization step.

Main Results:

  • The acellular model successfully supported primary tumor growth and allowed for the isolation of circulating tumor cells.
  • Metastatic lesions were observed in the contralateral lung within the acellular model.
  • The cellular model provides a platform to study tumor interactions with native lung cells and matrix.

Conclusions:

  • Ex vivo lung models offer a powerful tool for dissecting the mechanisms of tumor progression and metastasis.
  • These models can be adapted to address diverse research questions in oncology and lung disease.
  • The developed models facilitate the study of primary tumors, circulating tumor cells, and metastatic spread in a controlled environment.