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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
Published on: June 23, 2023
Synthetic Routes for a 2D Semiconductive Copper Hexahydroxybenzene Metal-Organic Framework
Jihye Park1, Allison C Hinckley1, Zhehao Huang2
1Department of Chemical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.
Abstract:
Conductive metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) have shown outstanding performance in energy storage and electrocatalysis. Varying the bridging metal species and the coordinating atom are versatile approaches to tune their intrinsic electronic properties in c-MOFs. Herein we report the first synthesis of the oxygen analog of M3(C6X6)2 (X = NH, S) family using Cu(II) and hexahydroxybenzene (HHB), namely Cu-HHB [Cu3(C6O6)2], through a kinetically controlled approach with a competing coordination reagent. We also successfully demonstrate an economical synthetic approach using tetrahydroxyquinone as the starting material. Cu-HHB was found to have a partially eclipsed packing between adjacent 2D layers and a bandgap of approximately 1 eV. The addition of Cu-HHB to the family of synthetically realized M3(C6X6)2 c-MOFs will enable greater understanding of the influence of the organic linkers and metals, and further broadens the range of applications for these materials.
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