Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
Published on: June 15, 2019
Hyaluronic acid-containing ethosomes as a potential carrier for transdermal drug delivery
Jiesi Xie1, Yujie Ji1, Wei Xue1
1Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Abstract:
A hyaluronic acid-containing ethosomes (HA-ES) as the transdermal drug delivery system was prepared in this work, and rhodamine B (RB) was used as a model drug to be encapsulated. The obtained HA-ES-RB was then characterized by the surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug loading and the stability. Results showed that the prepared HA-ES-RB was spherical and showed good dispersion as well as the stability, with a particle size of below 100 nm. The skin permeation experiments were carried out in vitro with the Franz diffusion cells and the rat dorsal skins were used. It was found that the penetration effect of HA-ES-RB was much better than that of ES-RB. The fluorescence microscopy image showed that HA-ES-RB penetrated into the deepest dermis. The excellent transdermic drug delivery effect of HA-ES-RB maybe attributed from its smaller size, hydration of hyaluronic acid as well as greater potential targeting to skin and skin appendages of liposomal carriers. Moreover, the HA-ES delivery system showed non-cytotoxicity to normal cells, indicating a good biocompatibility. This work provded a hyaluronic acid-containing ethosomes which can offer a quick, high efficient, safe and self-administered transdermal drug delivery system.
Related Concept Videos
Electron Carriers
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
Drug Delivery: Overview
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that utilizes human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters. These transporters bind to the drug, undergo structural...
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...

