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The comings and goings of PARP-1 in response to DNA damage
1Université de Montréal, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Roger-Gaudry Pavillon, D-347, Montréal, Qc H3T 1J4 Canada.
Abstract:
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes are broadly involved in the cellular response to DNA damage. PARP-1 is the chief human PARP enzyme involved in the DNA damage response, acting as a first responder that detects DNA strand breaks, and contributes to repair pathway choice and the efficiency of repair through modulation of chromatin structure and through interaction with and modification of a multitude of DNA repair factors. This perspective summarizes our knowledge of PARP-1 involvement in DNA repair pathways, and highlights recent structural and functional data regarding the activation of PARP-1 upon detecting DNA damage, and the release and trapping of PARP-1 at sites of DNA damage.
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