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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Organic molecules exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) are crucial for solid-state emitters and sensors.
  • Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and its derivatives are extensively studied AIEgens due to their ease of synthesis.
  • The TPE unit's structure facilitates the creation of macrocyclic and cage compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the design, synthesis, properties, and applications of TPE-based macrocycles and cages.
  • To highlight the advantages of cyclic TPE structures over their linear counterparts.
  • To consolidate recent advancements in TPE macrocycle and cage research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on TPE macrocycles and cages.
  • Analysis of synthetic strategies for TPE-based cyclic structures.
  • Compilation of data on photophysical properties and applications.

Main Results:

  • TPE macrocycles and cages demonstrate enhanced AIE effects.
  • Cyclic TPE compounds exhibit improved sensor selectivity and sensitivity.
  • These structures enable applications in supramolecular catalysis, molecular adsorption, and chiral materials.

Conclusions:

  • TPE macrocycles and cages represent a significant development in AIE research.
  • Their unique properties expand the scope of AIE applications.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field and future prospects.