American Muslims and vicarious trauma: An explanatory concurrent mixed-methods study

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Sociology
• Public Health

Background:

• Vicarious trauma (VT) is a growing concern, particularly among minority groups.
• Understanding VT within the American Muslim community is crucial for targeted support.
• Existing research has not fully explored the nuances of VT experienced by American Muslims.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and nature of vicarious trauma among American Muslims.
• To identify contributing factors to vicarious trauma in this population.
• To explore the lived experiences of American Muslims regarding vicarious trauma.

Main Methods:

• An explanatory concurrent mixed-methods design was employed.
• Quantitative data focused on vicarious trauma and religious identity.
• Qualitative data utilized phenomenological analysis of personal experiences.

Main Results:

• Religious identity and ethnicity were significant predictors in the MANOVA model, explaining 21% of VT variance.
• Qualitative analysis revealed 9 themes, including "humanity" (dehumanization) and "exposure" to trauma material.
• American Muslims are experiencing vicarious trauma.

Conclusions:

• The study confirms vicarious trauma among American Muslims.
• Findings support policy recommendations for strengthening hate crime legislation.
• Training for professionals and media guidelines are recommended to address Islamophobia and support American Muslims.