A new DNA-dependent ATPase which stimulates yeast DNA polymerase I and has DNA-unwinding activity

Two forms of DNA-dependent ATPase activity were previously purified from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterized (Plevani, P., Badaracco, G., and Chang, L. M. S. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 4957-4963). Here, an additional DNA-dependent ATPase (ATPase III) has been purified from S. cerevisiae to near homogeneity. This ATPase differs from those described previously in its chromatographic properties, molecular weight, reaction properties and immunological relatedness. Its molecular weight is about 63,000 in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. It hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and orthophosphate in the presence of DNA as an effector. In addition, yeast DNA polymerase I, which is a true DNA replicase of yeast, is stimulated severalfold by this ATPase. Neither yeast DNA polymerase II nor prokaryotic DNA polymerases are stimulated. This stimulation is intrinsic to the ATPase activity, since both activities copurified in the last four steps of purification, showed the same heat stability and showed dependence on and hydrolysis of ATP. The ATPase III preparation also contains a DNA-unwinding (DNA helicase) activity, which unwinds double-stranded DNA in the presence of ATP. In the S. cerevisiae radiation-sensitive mutant rad3, no significant ATPase III activity could be detected, suggesting that the RAD3 gene, which codes for a different polypeptide, regulates the expression of ATPase III activity.