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Current Concepts in Orthopaedic Care Disparities.

Nirav K Pandya1, Rosanna Wustrack, Lionel Metz

  • 1From the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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Racial/ethnic, sex, and socioeconomic disparities significantly impact healthcare access, quality, and outcomes in orthopaedic surgery. Addressing these inequities is crucial for improving patient health and surgical results.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Health Services Research
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Healthcare delivery is significantly influenced by patient race/ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status.
  • These demographic factors have been increasingly recognized as contributors to disparities in orthopaedic care.
  • Existing research highlights inequities in access, quality of care, and postoperative outcomes within orthopaedics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of race/ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status on patient health and care quality in orthopaedic surgery.
  • To identify specific orthopaedic subspecialties and procedures affected by these disparities.
  • To emphasize the need for understanding and mitigating these factors in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on healthcare disparities in orthopaedic surgery.
  • Analysis of reported outcomes in areas such as total joint arthroplasty, hip fractures, and spine surgery.
  • Synthesis of evidence detailing the effects of demographic factors on care access and quality.

Main Results:

  • Disparities related to race/ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status are evident in orthopaedic care.
  • These inequities affect not only access to care but also the quality of care received and postoperative outcomes.
  • Specific orthopaedic procedures like total joint arthroplasty, hip fracture repair, and spine surgery show reported effects of these disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians must understand the extent and impact of healthcare disparities in orthopaedics.
  • These disparities negatively affect patient health and surgical outcomes.
  • Developing strategies to minimize these factors is essential for equitable patient care and improved health.