Related Experiment Videos
Immunological relationships between mumps virus and parainfluenza viruses studied with monoclonal antibodies
Abstract:
The immunological relationships between mumps virus and parainfluenza viruses were investigated with 74, 78 and 80 previously developed monoclonal antibodies directed against five major structural proteins of mumps virus, Sendai virus (a murine parainfluenza type 1 virus) and parainfluenza type 3 virus. These monoclonal antibodies were reacted with the three viruses, with parainfluenza type 2 virus and with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in ELISA and immunofluorescence (IF) tests. In addition, immunoprecipitation tests with [35S]methionine-labelled extracellular virions were carried out with cross-reacting monoclonal antibodies. None of all 232 monoclonal antibodies against the three viruses cross-reacted with either parainfluenza type 2 virus or NDV in ELISA and IF tests. In the collection of 74 mumps virus monoclonal antibodies, three directed against the nucleocapsid (NP) protein, polymerase protein, and fusion protein cross-reacted with Sendai virus. Two Sendai virus monoclonal antibodies directed against two different epitopes of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein cross-reacted with parainfluenza type 3 virus. Six other Sendai virus monoclonal antibodies directed against four different epitopes of the HN protein and one directed against the NP protein cross-reacted with mumps virus. Eight out of 80 monoclonal antibodies directed against parainfluenza type 3 virus cross-reacted with Sendai virus. One was directed against the HN protein, four were directed against a minimum of two epitopes of the matrix protein and three were directed against three different epitopes of the NP protein. The different cross-reactions found show that Sendai virus is antigenically related to both mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus. In contrast, no antigenic relationship could be demonstrated between mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus.
Insights
Sendai virus shows immunological links to mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus, based on monoclonal antibody testing. However, mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus do not appear antigenically related.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Mumps virus and parainfluenza viruses are paramyxoviruses with potential cross-reactivity.
- Understanding their immunological relationships is crucial for vaccine development and disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immunological relationships between mumps virus, Sendai virus (parainfluenza type 1), and parainfluenza type 3 virus.
- To identify specific viral proteins involved in antigenic cross-reactivity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 232 monoclonal antibodies against structural proteins of mumps, Sendai, and parainfluenza type 3 viruses.
- Employed Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence (IF), and immunoprecipitation tests.
- Tested antibodies against mumps virus, Sendai virus, parainfluenza type 2 virus, and Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
Main Results:
- No cross-reactivity was observed with parainfluenza type 2 virus or NDV.
- Sendai virus showed cross-reactivity with mumps virus (nucleocapsid, polymerase, fusion proteins) and parainfluenza type 3 virus (haemagglutinin-neuraminidase, matrix, nucleocapsid proteins).
- Mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus did not demonstrate any antigenic relationship.
Conclusions:
- Sendai virus shares antigenic determinants with both mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus.
- Mumps virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus are antigenically distinct.
- Monoclonal antibody analysis is effective in delineating viral antigenic relationships.