Transthesia: Comparing the Prevalence of Synesthesia in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of synesthesia in transgender versus cisgender individuals. Methods: A 10-question, self-administered written survey, developed to assess the prevalence of synesthesia, was distributed to transgender individuals (n=96) attending support groups as well as to cisgender participants (n=103) identified among individuals accompanying transgender attendees. Demographic data and prevalence of synesthesia were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Differences between groups were analyzed using a chi-square test. Results: Forty-two percent of transgender participants endorsed synesthesia compared with 16% of cisgender participants. These findings persisted when analyzed by specific gender identity (i.e., male, female, and nonbinary). Conclusion: This study suggests a correlation between synesthesia and transgender identity that may indicate a common biological cause. Limitations of this study include use of a survey that has not yet been validated. Initial findings may justify further research.