Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Single Liposome Measurements for the Study of Proton-Pumping Membrane Enzymes Using Electrochemistry and Fluorescent Microscopy
Published on: February 21, 2019
[Severe hypomagnesaemia due to proton pump inhibitor use]
Sjoerd van den Berg1,2, Margot L J Scheer1, Nicole D Holman1
1Martini Ziekenhuis, afd. Intensive Care, Groningen.
Background:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs around the globe. A growing body of literature, however, has reported numerous side effects, such as hypomagnesemia. Symptoms associated with hypomagnesaemia range from nausea, tetany and cardiac arrhythmias. Treatment of PPI-induced hypomagnesaemia involves discontinuation of the PPI and magnesium supplementation if needed.
Case Description:
A 72-year-old female was admitted to the ICU with omeprazole-induced severe hypomagnesaemia twice during a one-year timespan, clinically manifested by tetany and respiratory failure due to acute decompensated heart failure following new onset atrial fibrillation. After discontinuation of the PPI and intravenous magnesium supplementation she recovered fully.
Conclusion:
Hypomagnesaemia is a potentially serious adverse effect of PPIs. Serum magnesium levels should be monitored in chronic PPI-users with any neuromuscular, cardiovascular or non-specific symptoms, especially in the presence of known risk factors (alcohol use, malnutrition, malabsorption, hypertension and concomitant use of diuretics).
Related Concept Videos
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors
Gastric acid, a potent cocktail of hydrogen and chloride ions, is produced in specialized parietal cells within the...
ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
Pumped Concrete
For direct-acting pumps, the concrete enters the pump via the inlet valve under the action of gravity and suction created by the movement of the piston. This concrete is then forced into the pipeline and out through the outlet valve by the forward movement...
Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
A household refrigerator removes heat from...

