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Drosophila virilis histone gene clusters lacking H1 coding segments.

L L Domier, J J Rivard, L M Sabatini

    Journal of Molecular Evolution
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Histone gene evolution in Drosophila shows significant divergence. Drosophila virilis histone gene clusters differ from Drosophila melanogaster, particularly lacking histone H1 genes in some arrays, suggesting evolutionary changes in gene organization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Evolutionary Genetics
    • Genomics

    Background:

    • Histone genes are crucial for DNA packaging and are organized in clusters.
    • Comparative analysis of histone gene organization provides insights into evolutionary processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural organization of histone gene clusters in Drosophila virilis.
    • To compare histone gene organization between Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster.
    • To understand the evolutionary implications of observed differences.

    Main Methods:

    • DNA digestion with restriction enzymes (Bgl I, Bgl II).
    • Gene cloning using plasmid vectors (pDv3/3.4, cDm500).
    • Hybridization techniques to analyze DNA homology.

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    Main Results:

    • Approximately 30-40% of Drosophila virilis DNA complementary to histone genes yielded 3.4-kilobase-pair segments.
    • Core histone gene order (H2B H3 H4 H2A) is conserved between D. virilis and D. melanogaster.
    • D. virilis histone gene clusters lack histone H1 genes in the region between H2B and H3, unlike D. melanogaster.
    • Histone H1 genes show significant divergence (>25%) between the two species, preventing cross-hybridization.

    Conclusions:

    • Histone gene arrays have undergone significant changes during Drosophila evolution.
    • Divergent evolution or rearrangement of histone gene clusters occurred in the virilis and melanogaster lineages.
    • The coding regions of histone H1 genes are highly divergent between D. virilis and D. melanogaster.