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Hypercapnia increases brain viscoelasticity.

Stefan Hetzer1,2, Florian Dittmann3, Karl Bormann1,2

  • 1Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|September 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain tissue viscosity increases with hypercapnia-induced vasodilation, correlating with cerebral blood flow changes. This suggests brain viscoelasticity is influenced by microvascular dynamics and blood viscosity.

Keywords:
ElasticityFåhræus–Lindqvisthypercapniaperfusionvasodilation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intracranial physiology tightly regulates brain function, metabolism, and blood flow.
  • The role of tissue viscoelasticity in this autoregulation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brain tissue viscoelasticity and cerebral blood flow (CBF) under hypercapnia.
  • To determine how changes in blood flow and viscosity affect brain stiffness and viscosity.

Main Methods:

  • Multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) was used to measure brain stiffness (|G*|) and viscosity (ϕ).
  • Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in 14 healthy subjects during induced hypercapnia (CO2 inhalation).
  • Measurements were taken before, during, and after hypercapnia to analyze changes.

Main Results:

  • Hypercapnia increased whole-brain stiffness by 3.3% and viscosity by 2.0%, accompanied by a 36% CBF increase.
  • Post-hypercapnia, stiffness and viscosity returned to baseline, while CBF decreased by 13%.
  • Viscosity changes correlated with CBF changes and were consistent with models of blood viscosity and microvessel diameter.

Conclusions:

  • Brain viscoelastic properties, particularly viscosity, are influenced by microvessel blood flow and blood viscosity.
  • Hypercapnia-induced vasodilation and increased blood viscosity lead to elevated MRE-derived viscosity values.
  • These findings offer insights into the dynamic interplay between brain hemodynamics and tissue mechanical properties.