Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in young and healthy patients with psoriasis: A case-control

Elio Gorga1, Marta Scodro, Francesca Valentini

  • 1University of Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health. elio.gorga@gmail.it.

Insights

Psoriasis patients often have preclinical cardiac dysfunction, specifically diastolic dysfunction and increased mitral regurgitation, even without traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Early detection in psoriasis can improve heart health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Dermatology
  • Systemic Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a prevalent systemic inflammatory disease.
  • Inappropriate immune activation in psoriasis is linked to cardiovascular risk.
  • Previous studies suggest higher cardiovascular disorder incidence and echocardiographic abnormalities in psoriatic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate preclinical cardiac dysfunction in psoriasis patients without cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To compare echocardiographic findings between psoriasis patients and a healthy control group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 52 chronic plaque psoriasis patients was compared to a control group.
  • Conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed on all participants.
  • Analysis focused on left and right ventricular function, dimensions, mass, and mitral regurgitation.

Main Results:

  • Left ventricular dimensions, mass, and systolic function were normal in psoriasis patients.
  • Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was observed in 36.5% of psoriasis patients versus 0% in controls.
  • Psoriasis patients showed a reduced E/A ratio in the right ventricle and significantly increased mitral regurgitation.

Conclusions:

  • Psoriasis patients exhibit preclinical cardiac dysfunction, particularly diastolic dysfunction and mitral regurgitation, independent of traditional risk factors.
  • Early echocardiographic screening in psoriasis patients is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Identifying and treating subclinical cardiac issues may improve the cardiovascular prognosis of psoriasis patients.

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