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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

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Prognostic Factors Analysis for Colon Cancer with Lymph Node Negative
Male sex is a risk factor for colon cancer relapse in early stages. Microsatellite instability (MSI-H) may indicate a better prognosis, suggesting targeted analysis for adjuvant chemotherapy decisions.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Early-stage colon cancer (stages I and II) carries a risk of relapse.
- Identifying high-risk prognostic factors is crucial for guiding adjuvant therapy decisions.
- TNM classification (8th edition, 2017) is the standard for staging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze high-risk prognostic factors for relapse in stage I and II colon cancer.
- To determine the significance of these factors regarding recurrence risk.
- To evaluate the role of molecular biomarkers in predicting outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 99 patients with stage I/II colon cancer (T2-T4) undergoing curative resection.
- Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed.
- Evaluation of histoprognostic factors and molecular biomarkers, including mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR/MSI-H) versus proficient mismatch repair (pMMR/MSS-MSI-L).
Main Results:
- Male sex was identified as a significant risk factor for disease relapse (HR=5.53, p<0.05).
- T4 tumors showed a trend towards poorer prognosis compared to T2/T3 tumors (HR=2.56, p=0.06).
- Patients with dMMR (MSI-H) exhibited a trend towards more favorable outcomes than pMMR (MSS/MSI-L) (HR=0.19, p=0.13).
Conclusions:
- Systematic analysis of mismatch repair status (MSS/MSI) is recommended.
- dMMR status may predict a better response to adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage colon cancer.
- Multivariate analysis did not identify independent risk factors for relapse in this cohort.
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