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Asymmetrically Positioned Flagellar Control Units Regulate Human Sperm Rotation.

Melissa R Miller1, Samuel J Kenny2, Nadja Mannowetz1

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

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|September 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sperm navigation relies on flagellar ion channels. The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 and CatSper, organized in nanodomains, regulate sperm motility and rotation, enhancing fertility.

Keywords:
CatSperHv1STORMhydrogen voltage-gated channel 1ion channelsrotationsperm flagellumsuper-resolution imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Sperm biology
  • Ion channel function
  • Cellular compartmentalization

Background:

  • Ion channels are crucial for sperm function, including navigation and fertilization.
  • CatSper, a flagellar calcium channel, controls sperm hyperactivated motility, requiring alkaline pH.
  • Voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 regulates pH in human sperm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the compartmentalization of ion channels in sperm flagella.
  • To describe flagellar regulatory nanodomains involving Hv1, CatSper, and ABHD2.
  • To understand the role of Hv1 distribution in sperm motility and navigation.

Main Methods:

  • Super-resolution microscopy to visualize Hv1 distribution.
  • Functional assays to assess the impact of Hv1 inhibition on sperm motility.
  • Biochemical analysis of flagellar regulatory nanodomains.

Main Results:

  • Hv1 is asymmetrically distributed in bilateral longitudinal lines within sperm flagella.
  • Inhibition of Hv1 reduces sperm rotation along the long axis.
  • Flagellar nanodomains of Hv1, CatSper, and ABHD2 are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Specific distribution of flagellar nanodomains provides a structural basis for CatSper activation.
  • Flagellar rotation, regulated by Hv1 nanodomains, enhances sperm fertility.
  • Concerted regulation of ion channels is essential for successful sperm function.