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Area of Science:

  • Attosecond Science
  • X-ray Physics
  • Laser-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Growing interest in tabletop soft X-ray attosecond sources.
  • Advancements in intense, few-cycle laser sources operating above 800 nm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Demonstrate a new regime for generating X-ray attosecond pulses in the water window.
  • Present the apparatus for generating and detecting soft X-ray high harmonic radiation.

Main Methods:

  • High-harmonic generation using intense, few-cycle laser drivers.
  • Utilizing a differentially pumped gas target for phase-matching and density control.
  • Detection of soft X-ray high harmonic radiation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved soft X-ray fluxes of approximately 10^9 photons/s.
  • Generated attosecond pulses with a maximum photon energy of 600 eV in the water window.
  • Obtained an order of magnitude higher flux and 50 eV higher photon energy compared to previous few-cycle drivers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed apparatus enables a new regime for soft X-ray attosecond pulse generation.
  • The differentially pumped gas target is crucial for achieving high energy emission and minimizing absorption.
  • This work significantly advances the capabilities of tabletop X-ray sources for scientific research.