Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026
09:02
Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions
Published on: September 22, 2023
2.2K
SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-3a drives multimodal necrotic cell death
Yuan Yue1,2, Neel R Nabar3,4, Chong-Shan Shi2
1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Cell Death & Disease
|September 7, 2018
Summary
The SARS-CoV accessory protein 3a promotes necrotic cell death by interacting with Rip3 and damaging lysosomes. This process also activates caspase-1, contributing to severe lung pathology during SARS-CoV infections.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cellular Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Severe lung pathology in SARS-CoV infections is not fully understood.
- The SARS-CoV accessory protein 3a (SARS 3a) is known to oligomerize and interact with cellular membranes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of SARS 3a in necrotic cell death pathways.
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which SARS 3a contributes to SARS-CoV pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Examined the interaction between SARS 3a and Receptor Interacting Protein 3 (Rip3).
- Assessed the effects of SARS 3a on lysosomal integrity and function.
- Investigated the activation of caspase-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome by SARS 3a.
Main Results:
- SARS 3a interacts with Rip3, enhancing its oligomerization and promoting necrotic cell death.
- SARS 3a insertion into lysosomal membranes causes damage and dysfunction, leading to TFEB nuclear translocation.
- SARS 3a activates caspase-1, directly or via potassium efflux, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.
Conclusions:
- Rip3-mediated oligomerization of SARS 3a drives necrotic cell death and lysosomal damage.
- SARS 3a activation of caspase-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to SARS-CoV-induced lung pathology.
Related Concept Videos
03:26Framing Effects
8.0K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
8.0K
01:30Frames
846
Frames are essential components of various mechanical and structural systems used daily. These structures are known for their stability and ability to bear heavy loads. A frame is constructed using two-force and multi-force members, interconnected using pin joints. In contrast, trusses are made entirely of two-force members.
Frames are versatile and widely used in various applications such as structural supports for beams and columns, automobile chassis construction, and in the construction...
Frames are versatile and widely used in various applications such as structural supports for beams and columns, automobile chassis construction, and in the construction...
846
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
4.6K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
4.6K
01:30Overview of Cell Death
10.1K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
10.1K
01:26Frames: Problem Solving II
504
Consider a hydraulic hoist supporting a load of 1 kN. Assuming a simplified schematic representation of this frame structure, the force acting on BD and BF members can be determined.
504
01:24Frames: Problem Solving I
978
Consider a jib crane with an external load suspended from the pulley. The dimensions of the crane members are shown in the figure. A systematic analysis of the frame structure is required to determine the reaction forces at the pin joints, assuming that the pulleys are frictionless.
978