Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater
Published on: November 7, 2025
Application of magnesium peroxide (MgO2) nanoparticles for toluene remediation from groundwater: batch and column
Hamid Mosmeri1, Fatemeh Gholami2, Mahmoud Shavandi3
1Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, West Blvd. of Azadi sport Complex, P.O.Box: 14665-137, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
In the present study, magnesium peroxide (MgO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by electro-deposition process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the MgO2 half-life (600 mg/L) in groundwater under various temperatures (4, 15, and 30 °C) and initial pH (3, 7, and 12). The effect of Fe2+ ions (enhanced oxidation) on the toluene remediation by MgO2 was also investigated. Nanoparticles were injected to sand-packed continuous-flow columns, and toluene removal (50 ppm) was studied within 50 days at 15 °C. The results indicated that the half-life of MgO2 at pH 3 and 12 were 5 and 15 days, respectively, in comparison to 10 days at the initial pH 7 and 15 °C. The nanoparticles showed 20 and 7.5 days half-life at 4 and 30 °C temperatures, respectively. Injection of Fe2+ ions indicated an impressive effect on toluene removal by MgO2, and the contaminant was completely removed after 5 and 10 days, in the batch and column experiments, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) analysis indicated that the attached biofilm had a significant role in the decontamination of groundwater. Comparison of bioremediation and enhanced oxidation resulted in a considerable insight into the application of magnesium peroxide in groundwater remediation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
Related Concept Videos
Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides
Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
Muscles of the Vertebral Column
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
Types Of Column Chromatography
Gel Filtration Chromatography
When the...
Principles Of Column Chromatography
Articulations of the Vertebral Column

