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Related Concept Videos

Virtual Work01:20

Virtual Work

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The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
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Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving01:13

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

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The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
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Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies01:06

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

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Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
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Aggression01:47

Aggression

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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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Groupthink01:34

Groupthink

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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Mice Navigating a Virtual Reality Environment
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LED virtual windows are valuable in windowless consultation rooms.

Sumit Sen1, Tove Nielsen, Erik Nielsen

  • 1Dina.Cortes@regionh.dk.

Danish Medical Journal
|September 7, 2018
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Summary

Installing light-emitting diode (LED) virtual windows in windowless hospital rooms significantly improved staff perceptions of lighting and the overall environment. These virtual windows also enhanced retinal illuminance and correlated color temperature (CCT), positively impacting the work setting.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Occupational Health
  • Lighting Technology

Background:

  • Windowless consultation rooms in Hvidovre Hospital's pediatric department caused significant health concerns among staff due to lack of natural light.
  • Work environment surveys highlighted staff dissatisfaction with the absence of natural light in these clinical spaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of installing light-emitting diode (LED) virtual windows in windowless hospital consultation rooms.
  • To assess the effects of virtual windows on staff perception of the work environment and lighting quality.

Main Methods:

  • Four similar windowless rooms were selected, with two retrofitted with LED virtual windows displaying natural scenes.
  • Lighting measurements (illuminance and correlated color temperature - CCT) were taken in all rooms.
  • Staff (nurses and doctors) completed work environment questionnaires before and after the intervention.

Main Results:

  • LED virtual windows significantly improved perceived lighting conditions at the desk and generally (p < 0.001).
  • Staff reported a more positive overall experience in rooms with virtual windows (p = 0.02).
  • Retinal illuminance and CCT at the desk and retina were significantly increased in rooms with LED virtual windows (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • LED virtual windows effectively enhanced the lighting experience and spatial impression in windowless clinical environments.
  • The installation of virtual windows led to improvements in retinal illuminance and CCT, positively affecting the work environment for healthcare professionals.