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Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
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Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Location and Orientation of the Heart01:13

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The human heart, despite its modest size and weight, is an organ of remarkable strength and endurance. Roughly the size of a fist, the heart weighs between 250 and 350 grams and is nestled within the mediastinum, the medial cavity of the thorax. It extends obliquely for about 12 to 14 cm, resting on the superior surface of the diaphragm. The heart is positioned anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum, with two-thirds of its mass lying to the left of the midsternal line.
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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AFLOW-CHULL: Cloud-Oriented Platform for Autonomous Phase Stability Analysis.

Corey Oses1, Eric Gossett1, David Hicks1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Center for Materials Genomics , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States.

Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
|September 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting material phase stability is now easier with AFLOW-CHULL, an open-source tool analyzing over 1.8 million compounds. This computational approach identifies stable materials and potential candidates for synthesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Predicting material phase stability is crucial for discovering new synthesizable compounds.
  • Existing methods are limited by data access and software infrastructure.
  • Thermodynamic characterization is key to understanding material synthesizability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce AFLOW-CHULL, a novel module for autonomous thermodynamic stability analysis.
  • To leverage a large materials repository for ab initio phase diagram construction.
  • To provide accessible tools for materials scientists to predict phase stability.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of AFLOW-CHULL within the open-source AFLOW framework.
  • Utilizing the AFLUX Search-API and data from over 1.8 million compounds.
  • Integration of functionalities for identifying stable phases, phase coexistence, and decomposition reactions.

Main Results:

  • Thermodynamic characterizations performed on over 1300 binary and ternary systems.
  • Identification of candidate phases for synthesis based on relative stability.
  • Discovery of 17 promising C15b-type structures and 2 half-Heusler compounds.

Conclusions:

  • AFLOW-CHULL offers a robust and accessible method for materials stability prediction.
  • The tool facilitates the discovery of novel, stable materials.
  • An online web application is available for interactive exploration of results.