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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Understanding Dissolved Organic Matter Biogeochemistry Through In Situ Nutrient Manipulations in Stream Ecosystems
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Elevated nutrient concentrations in headwaters affected by drained peatland.

Hannu Marttila1, Satu-Maaria Karjalainen2, Minna Kuoppala2

  • 1Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, PO Box 4300, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland.

The Science of the Total Environment
|September 8, 2018
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Drained peatlands in Nordic catchments release high nutrient loads into aquatic environments. Current water protection methods are insufficient to manage seasonal nutrient and suspended solid variations from these areas.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Nutrient export from drained peatlands significantly impacts Nordic aquatic ecosystems.
  • Understanding nutrient variations across landscapes is crucial for the EU Water Framework Directive's ecological status goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine background nutrient concentrations in natural peatland streams.
  • Examine the effects of peatland land use on water quality in headwater catchments.
  • Quantify nutrient sources using integrated water chemistry, isotope, and hydrology analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed water chemistry, isotopes, and hydrology across 62 headwater catchments in North Ostrobothnia, Finland.
  • Compared nutrient and suspended solid concentrations in drained vs. undrained peatland catchments.
  • Investigated the influence of past drainage and hydroclimate on water quality parameters.

Main Results:

  • Drained peatland catchments exhibited elevated nutrient and suspended solid concentrations.
  • Dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus were particularly high during baseflow, originating from deeper soil layers.
  • Past drainage had a more significant impact on organic matter and nutrient levels than hydroclimate.

Conclusions:

  • Past peatland drainage strongly influences water quality, increasing nutrient and organic matter export.
  • Existing water protection strategies are inadequate for managing seasonal nutrient loads from drained peatlands.
  • Enhanced water protection measures are necessary for peatland-dominated catchments to achieve good ecological status.