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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Fabrication of Nanopillar-Based Split Ring Resonators for Displacement Current Mediated Resonances in Terahertz Metamaterials

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Published on: March 23, 2017

A Compact Ultrawideband Antenna Based on Hexagonal Split-Ring Resonator for pH Sensor Application.

Mohammad Tariqul Islam¹, Farhad Bin Ashraf², Touhidul Alam³

¹Centre of Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor D.E. 43600, Malaysia. tariqul@ukm.edu.my.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 8, 2018

Summary

A novel hexagonal split-ring resonator (HSRR) antenna offers enhanced sensitivity for pH sensing. This ultrawideband (UWB) metamaterial sensor achieves high gain and bandwidth in a compact electrical size.

Keywords:

double negative metamaterial pH sensor split-ring resonator ultrawideband

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Fabrication of Nanopillar-Based Split Ring Resonators for Displacement Current Mediated Resonances in Terahertz Metamaterials

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Published on: March 23, 2017

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Published on: May 28, 2016

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Published on: September 10, 2013

Area of Science:

Metamaterials and Electromagnetics
Sensor Technology
Antenna Engineering

Background:

Conventional split-ring resonators (SSRs) have limitations in achieving high sensitivity for sensing applications.
Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas offer broad frequency coverage, beneficial for detailed measurements.
Metamaterials provide unique electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a compact ultrawideband (UWB) antenna sensor utilizing a hexagonal split-ring resonator (HSRR) for accurate pH factor detection.
To explore the integration of modified HSRR metamaterial structures with a UWB antenna to enhance sensing capabilities.
To investigate the electromagnetic characteristics and performance of the proposed HSRR-based UWB antenna for pH sensing.

Main Methods:

Design and simulation of a modified hexagonal split-ring resonator (HSRR) integrated with a UWB antenna.
Fabrication of the proposed metamaterial antenna sensor on an FR-4 substrate.
Characterization of the antenna's performance, including bandwidth, gain, and sensitivity to pH variations.

Main Results:

The HSRR-based UWB antenna sensor achieved a fractional bandwidth of 146.91% and operated from 3 to 20 GHz (17 GHz bandwidth).
The sensor demonstrated double-negative characteristics, enhancing its sensitivity for pH sensing.
The fabricated antenna maintained a compact electrical size (0.238 × 0.194 × 0.016 λ) with a realized gain of 3.88 dB.

Conclusions:

The proposed HSRR-based UWB antenna sensor is a promising solution for high-performance pH sensing.
The integration of HSRR metamaterials significantly improves the sensitivity and bandwidth of UWB antennas for sensor applications.
The compact electrical size and high performance make this antenna sensor suitable for various miniaturized sensing systems.