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Recent Progress on Neuromorphic Synapse Electronics: From Emerging Materials, Devices, to Neural Networks.
1Human Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|September 8, 2018
Summary
Researchers are developing synaptic electronics to mimic brain functions. This review covers learning mechanisms and devices like atomic switches and transistors for artificial neural networks, paving the way for intelligent nano-electronics.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Neuroscience
- Electrical Engineering
Background:
- Intelligent electronic functions require devices mimicking biological neurons and synapses.
- Synaptic electronics aim to replicate brain's learning and processing capabilities.
- Advancements in thin films and nanomaterials are crucial for developing these devices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review critical learning mechanisms for synaptic plasticity.
- To survey electronic devices developed for mimicking biological synapses.
- To highlight the realization of artificial neuromorphic networks.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on synaptic plasticity and electronic synapse devices.
- Analysis of various device types: atomic switch, phase change memory, ferroelectric memory, and electric-double-layer transistors.
- Examination of multi-gate transistor architectures for artificial neural networks.
Main Results:
- Several electronic devices successfully mimic biological synapses.
- Artificial neuromorphic networks have been realized using multi-gate transistor architectures.
- Thin films and nanomaterials are key to the synapse-to-neuron-to-network progression.
Conclusions:
- Synaptic electronics represent a significant step towards brain-like intelligent devices.
- The reviewed technologies show promise for next-generation intelligent nano-electronics.
- Further development in synaptic electronics holds potential for broader applications.
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