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Updates in Thyroid Cytology.

Michiya Nishino1, Jeffrey F Krane2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Surgical Pathology Clinics
|September 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Recent thyroid nodule research supports risk-stratified care. Updated nomenclature and molecular tests aid in managing low-risk thyroid neoplasms and indeterminate fine needle aspirations.

Keywords:
Fine needle aspirationIndeterminate cytologyMolecular testingNIFTPNoninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear featuresThyroid cancerThyroid nodule

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Oncology
  • Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Genomic, clinical, and pathologic studies are driving a risk-stratified approach to thyroid nodule management.
  • A recent nomenclature change for noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features aligns with conservative treatment for low-risk neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of nomenclature revisions on thyroid fine needle aspiration interpretation.
  • To provide an update on molecular tests for thyroid fine needle aspirations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on thyroid nodule classification and molecular testing.
  • Analysis of the implications of nomenclature changes on clinical practice.

Main Results:

  • The revised nomenclature facilitates conservative management for specific low-risk thyroid neoplasms.
  • An expanding range of molecular tests can improve the triage of indeterminate fine needle aspiration diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • Nomenclature updates and molecular diagnostics are crucial for refining thyroid nodule management.
  • These advancements support more precise and personalized patient care strategies.