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Oral rotavirus vaccination in breast- and bottle-fed infants aged 6 to 12 months
Insights
The RIT 4237 oral rotavirus vaccine showed good immune responses in infants aged 6-12 months, regardless of feeding method. Further doses may enhance protection against rotavirus infection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Vaccinology
- Immunology
Background:
- Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants globally.
- Oral rotavirus vaccines are crucial for preventing pediatric gastroenteritis.
- Understanding vaccine efficacy in relation to infant feeding practices is important.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of the oral bovine rotavirus vaccine RIT 4237.
- To assess vaccine response in breast-fed versus bottle-fed infants.
- To determine the optimal dosage for satisfactory immune response.
Main Methods:
- A randomized trial involving 217 infants aged 6-12 months.
- Administration of RIT 4237 at two dose levels.
- Measurement of rotavirus-specific IgG and IgM antibody levels via ELISA.
- Comparison of seroconversion and booster response rates between feeding groups.
Main Results:
- The full vaccine dose (10(8.3) TCID50) achieved high seroconversion rates (81-86%).
- Booster response rates were also significant (64-69%).
- No significant difference in vaccine response was observed between breast-fed and bottle-fed infants.
Conclusions:
- The RIT 4237 rotavirus vaccine at 10(8.3) TCID50 elicits a satisfactory immune response in infants.
- Infant feeding type (breast milk, cow's milk, or formula) did not impact vaccine efficacy.
- Multiple vaccinations may be necessary to achieve maximal protection against rotavirus.
Abstract:
Oral bovine rotavirus vaccine RIT 4237 was tested at two dose levels in 217 children between 6 and 12 months of age who received either breast milk or bottle milk (cow's milk or infant formula) before vaccination. Of the children 65% were initially seronegative for rotavirus ELISA IgG and IgM antibody. The full vaccine dose (10(8.3) 50% tissue culture infective doses, TCID50) induced seroconversion rates 81% and 86% and booster response rates 69% and 64% in breast and bottle-fed children, respectively. There was no difference in the vaccine response of infants receiving cow's milk or infant formula either. It is concluded that the RIT 4237 rotavirus vaccine at the dose level 10(8.3) TCID50 gives a satisfactory response in both breast- and bottle-fed children in this age group, but multiple vaccinations may be needed for maximal efficacy.