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Immune checkpoint inhibitor re-challenge in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Maiko Niki1, Aya Nakaya1, Takayasu Kurata1

  • 1First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.

Oncotarget
|September 8, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Re-challenging patients with non-small cell lung cancer using immune checkpoint inhibitors shows effectiveness in a subset of patients. This strategy may offer a new treatment option for advanced lung cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved outcomes in lung cancer.
  • Limited data exist on re-challenging patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ICIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of re-challenging advanced NSCLC patients with ICIs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 11 advanced NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab and re-challenged with nivolumab/pembrolizumab.
  • Data collected from December 2015 to December 2017 at Kansai Medical University Hospital.

Main Results:

  • Five patients (45%) achieved partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD).
  • Successful re-challenge was associated with prior response to initial ICI treatment, immune-related adverse events, and prompt re-initiation of ICIs.
  • Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.7 months, with 45% experiencing mild to moderate immune-related adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Re-challenging with ICIs can be effective in a subset of advanced NSCLC patients.
  • ICI re-challenge represents a potential treatment option for advanced NSCLC.
Keywords:
immune checkpoint inhibitornivolumabnon-small cell lung cancerpembrolizumabre-challenge

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