Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Isolated Hepatic Perfusion as a Treatment for Liver Metastases of Uveal Melanoma
Published on: January 25, 2015
Ipilimumab for the treatment of melanoma
Shikha Jain1,2,1,2, Joseph I Clark1,2,1,2
1Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
Abstract:
Melanoma is the sixth most common cancer in the US. Metastatic melanoma has increased in incidence over the past 30 years. In the US approximately 8600 people died from melanoma in 2009. It is an aggressive tumor; the prognosis of stage IV is poor. Before 2011, only dacarbazine and IL-2 were approved for metastatic melanoma. Major advances have been made in understanding the genetic profile, molecular factors that drive malignant transformation and the role of T cells in melanoma patients. Immune regulatory pathways affecting immune responses to cancer are becoming better defined. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) downregulates the pathways of T-cell activation. Ipilimumab is an anti CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody approved in 2011 to treat metastatic or unresectable melanoma.
Related Concept Videos
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

