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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A "Patient-Like" Orthotopic Syngeneic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis
Published on: October 24, 2015
Insight into hepatocellular carcinoma biology with gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI
Alexander Kagen1,1, Kathryn Fowler2,2, Claude B Sirlin3,3
1Beth Israel Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 2nd Floor, First Avenue at 16th Street, New York, NY 11231, USA.
Abstract:
The current algorithm for the imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma accurately detects large, progressed tumors displaying the classical imaging features of arterial hyperenhancement with 'washout' and/or 'capsule' appearance. Liver MRI with the relatively newer hepatobiliary agent, gadoxetate disodium, provides information on hepatocellular function in addition to vascularity, facilitates detection of small progressed tumors, as well as early/vaguely nodular tumors, and shows promise for characterizing hepatocellular carcinoma biology. Prediction of tumor grade, presence of biliary and stem cell markers, microvascular invasion, future hypervascularization and post-treatment recurrence have all been studied with gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI with encouraging results. Incorporation of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI into standard diagnostic and management algorithms will likely unfold in the future.
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