Acute hepatitis C from heterosexual transmission

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Infectious Diseases
• Virology

Background:

• Acute hepatitis C (HCV) diagnosis is infrequent, often identified during chronic phases via serology.
• HCV transmission primarily occurs percutaneously; sexual transmission is more common in men who have sex with men.
• Typical acute HCV presentations involve elevated ALT over AST, rarely with hepatic insufficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of acute hepatitis C presenting with severe hepatic insufficiency.
• To investigate an unusual clinical presentation initially mimicking toxic hepatitis.
• To identify the transmission route in a patient with acute HCV infection.

Main Methods:

• Clinical case presentation and diagnostic workup.
• Serological testing for hepatotropic viruses.
• Analysis of patient history regarding substance use and potential exposure.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with symptoms of toxic acute hepatitis and hepatic insufficiency.
• Initial serology for common hepatotropic viruses was negative.
• Diagnostic investigation confirmed acute HCV infection with heterosexual transmission.

Conclusions:

• Acute HCV infection can manifest with severe hepatic insufficiency, mimicking other liver conditions.
• Heterosexual transmission is a possible route for HCV, particularly in specific patient populations.
• Rethinking diagnostic approaches for acute hepatitis is crucial, even with negative initial serology.