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Asymmetric and Symmetric Exchange in a Generalized 2D Rashba Ferromagnet.

I A Ado1, A Qaiumzadeh2,3, R A Duine2,4,5

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We explored the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in 2D ferromagnets, finding its relationship with exchange stiffness deviates from standard models. Gate voltage can tune magnetic texture properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is crucial for magnetic textures in 2D materials.
  • Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) significantly influences magnetic properties.
  • Understanding DMI at finite temperatures is key for device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate DMI in 2D ferromagnets with Rashba-type SOC at finite temperatures.
  • Derive a general expression for the DMI constant D.
  • Analyze the relationship between DMI and exchange stiffness A.

Main Methods:

  • Effective s-d model in the continuum limit.
  • Microscopic analysis of the electronic grand potential.
  • Consideration of arbitrary momentum dependence for SOC and kinetic energy.

Main Results:

  • A general DMI constant expression derived for weak SOC.
  • The conventional relation D=(4mα_{R}/ℏ)A is shown to not generally hold beyond the Bychkov-Rashba model.
  • Both A and D vanish at zero temperature in the metal regime for the Bychkov-Rashba model.
  • Finite A and D with nontrivial chemical potential dependence found for nonparabolic bands or nonlinear Rashba coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a more complex relationship between DMI and exchange stiffness than previously assumed.
  • Gate voltage control over magnetic texture size and chirality is demonstrated.
  • Findings offer new avenues for designing spintronic devices with tunable magnetic properties.