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Prolonged furosemide exposure and risk of abnormal newborn hearing screen in premature infants

Laura A Wang1, P Brian Smith2, Matthew Laughon3

  • 1Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Early Human Development
|September 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Prolonged exposure to furosemide in premature infants did not significantly increase the risk of abnormal hearing screening before hospital discharge. Further audiology follow-up is recommended to assess furosemide

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal research
  • Pediatric audiology
  • Clinical pharmacology

Background:

  • Furosemide is known to cause ototoxicity in adults at high doses.
  • The risk of hearing loss from furosemide in premature infants is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between prolonged furosemide exposure and abnormal hearing screening in premature infants.

Main Methods:

  • Propensity score matching was used to compare infants with prolonged (≥28 days) furosemide exposure to those never exposed.
  • The study included premature infants (501-1250g birth weight, 23-29 weeks gestational age) from US neonatal intensive care units (2004-2013).
  • Abnormal hearing screen was defined as 'fail' or 'refer' for either ear prior to hospital discharge.

Main Results:

  • 1020 furosemide-exposed infants were matched with 790 never-exposed infants.
  • The proportion of infants with abnormal hearing screens was not significantly higher in the furosemide-exposed group (absolute difference 3.0%, P=0.07).
  • Baseline characteristics were similar between matched groups after adjustment for covariates.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged furosemide exposure showed a non-significant trend towards increased abnormal hearing screening in premature infants.
  • Further studies including post-discharge audiology follow-up are necessary to fully assess furosemide's safety in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
DiureticHearing lossOtotoxicityPretermSafety

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