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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Trauma and Aging.

Joan M Cook1,2, Vanessa Simiola3

  • 1Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. joan.cook@yale.edu.

Current Psychiatry Reports
|September 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent findings show a link between trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and accelerated aging in older adults. Improved mental health outreach is crucial for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
AgingOlder adultsPosttraumatic stress disorderTraumaTreatmentVeterans

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies examine traumatic exposure effects on veterans' health.
  • Significant associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dementia, and accelerated aging are documented.
  • Older adults with PTSD face barriers to timely mental health treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key scientific findings on trauma, PTSD, and aging.
  • To highlight recent research in gerontology and trauma studies.
  • To identify gaps in current knowledge regarding older adults and PTSD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of longitudinal investigations on veteran populations.
  • Synthesis of recent scientific literature on trauma, PTSD, and aging.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on health and functioning in later life.

Main Results:

  • Traumatic exposure is linked to adverse health outcomes and accelerated aging.
  • PTSD is associated with increased risk of dementia in older adults.
  • Older adults with PTSD are underserved by current mental health systems.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted outreach can improve mental health service utilization for older adults with PTSD.
  • Further research is needed on diverse populations, including non-industrialized countries and minority groups.
  • Addressing disparities in mental health services for older adults is critical.