Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is defined as abnormal uterine bleeding in the absence of organic disease. It is the result of anovulation or the abnormal local production of prostaglandins, and in each case the primary fault is inappropriate hormone formation. There are two approaches to diagnosis. The traditional one is primarily concerned with the exclusion of cancer of the endometrium; this concern results in the frequent resort to uterine curettage. The second approach is to limit curettage to patients whose symptoms are not ameliorated by medical therapy. The aim of medical treatment is either to produce secretory change in the endometrium or to decrease the formation of uterine prostaglandins. Intermittent progesterone treatment is used to cause secretory changes in the endometrium. Decreased production of the prostaglandins is achieved indirectly by causing atrophy of the endometrium or directly through the use of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. Surgery in the form of dilatation and curettage has no long-term therapeutic effect; hysterectomy is definitive therapy.