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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

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The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
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The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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Adrenal tumor segmentation method for MR images.

Mücahid Barstuğan1, Rahime Ceylan1, Semih Asoglu2

  • 1Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Electrical & Electronics Engineering Department, Konya Technical University, Konya, Turkey.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for segmenting adrenal tumors. The hybrid image processing method improves segmentation accuracy, particularly for challenging cyst-based tumors.

Keywords:
Adrenal tumor segmentationCAD systemHybrid approachMR images

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging Analysis
  • Radiology
  • Computer-Aided Diagnosis

Background:

  • Adrenal tumors are incidentally found and can be difficult to segment due to adherence to surrounding organs.
  • Challenges in adrenal tumor segmentation include low contrast, variable shapes/sizes, and non-uniform tissue characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for accurate adrenal tumor segmentation.
  • To overcome segmentation challenges posed by tumor characteristics and anatomical proximity.

Main Methods:

  • A hybrid image processing approach combining active contour, adaptive thresholding, CLAHE, erosion, and region growing.
  • Utilized a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system integrating multiple image processing techniques.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method achieved high success rates across seven performance metrics on 113 MR images.
  • Key performance metrics included sensitivity (74.84%), specificity (99.99%), accuracy (99.84%), and Dice Coefficient (82.09%).

Conclusions:

  • Presents a novel method for adrenal tumor segmentation.
  • Successfully addresses issues hindering accurate segmentation, especially for cyst-based adrenal tumors.