Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.7K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.7K
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

2.3K
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
2.3K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

2.1K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
2.1K
Orthogonal Trajectories01:26

Orthogonal Trajectories

67
Orthogonal trajectories describe the geometric relationship between two families of curves that intersect each other at right angles. One illustrative case involves a family of parabolas that open sideways along the x-axis. These curves share a common shape but differ by a scaling parameter, resulting in a set of curves that all pass through the origin and widen at different rates.Determining Orthogonal TrajectoriesTo identify the orthogonal trajectories for these parabolas, the first step...
67
Outcomes of Glycolysis01:13

Outcomes of Glycolysis

107.3K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.3K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

10.9K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ZNF512B safeguards genome integrity at regulatory regions to repress the SASP and inflammation.

Cell stem cell·2026
Same author

Embryo-scale Visual Cell Sorting reveals a conserved transcriptomic signature of nucleolar size linked to proteostasis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Amide Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange in Isotopically Mixed Water.

ACS physical chemistry Au·2026
Same author

Evolutionary transfer learning enables organism-wide inference of mammalian enhancer landscapes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Distinctive DNA sequence features define epigenetic longevity of inflammatory memory.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Human neuromuscular organoids mimic cancer-induced muscle cachexia.

Cell reports methods·2026
Same journal

High-throughput DNA engineering by mating bacteria.

Cell systems·2026
Same journal

Living bacterial reservoir computers for information processing and sensing.

Cell systems·2026
Same journal

A data-driven modeling framework for mapping genotypes to synthetic microbial community functions.

Cell systems·2026
Same journal

BulkFormer: A large-scale foundation model for bulk transcriptomes.

Cell systems·2026
Same journal

Glycoform engineering of a mammalian platform to sculpt a humanized recombinant bioscavenger.

Cell systems·2026
Same journal

Targeted genomic editing of human gut Bacteroides species based on CRISPR-associated transposases.

Cell systems·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
10:04

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells

Published on: August 1, 2025

1.6K

Aligning Single-Cell Developmental and Reprogramming Trajectories Identifies Molecular Determinants of Myogenic

Davide Cacchiarelli1, Xiaojie Qiu2, Sanjay Srivatsan3

  • 1Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Cell Systems
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular reprogramming efficiency is improved by understanding gene expression dynamics. This study reveals insulin and BMP signaling as key factors influencing cell fate decisions during reprogramming.

Keywords:
pseudotimereprogrammingsingle-cell genomics

More Related Videos

Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors
11:42

Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors

Published on: November 4, 2019

6.5K
Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets
07:08

Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
10:04

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells

Published on: August 1, 2025

1.6K
Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors
11:42

Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors

Published on: November 4, 2019

6.5K
Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets
07:08

Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Cellular reprogramming aims to generate specific cell types for therapy and understand gene regulation.
  • Current reprogramming methods often suffer from low efficiency, converting only a small proportion of cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the barriers to efficient cellular reprogramming using a well-established model system.
  • To develop and apply a novel analytical technique for comparing gene expression kinetics during biological processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze MYOD-mediated reprogramming of human fibroblasts to myotubes at pseudotemporal resolution.
  • Introduced and applied a novel analytic technique, trajectory alignment, for quantitative comparison of gene expression kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Identified branch points in the reprogramming trajectory corresponding to critical cell fate decisions.
  • Discovered that insulin and BMP signaling pathways are crucial molecular determinants controlling reprogramming efficiency and outcome.
  • Demonstrated that incorrect cell fate choices lead to aberrant or incomplete reprogramming.

Conclusions:

  • Single-cell trajectory alignment is a powerful tool for quantitatively comparing biological trajectories across different processes.
  • Understanding signaling pathway dynamics is essential for improving cellular reprogramming efficiency.
  • This approach can be applied to diverse biological processes, including development and reprogramming.