Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Operational Amplifiers01:17

Operational Amplifiers

2.0K
The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
2.0K
MOSFET Amplifiers01:17

MOSFET Amplifiers

521
The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
521
BJT Amplifiers01:14

BJT Amplifiers

995
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are pivotal components in amplifier circuits, functioning as voltage-controlled current sources in their active region. This characteristic allows them to efficiently control the collector current through variations in the base-emitter voltage. Essentially, BJTs amplify power due to their ability to take a weak input signal and output a much stronger signal.
In BJT amplifier configurations, particularly in common-emitter setups, the transistor's role...
995
What are Lipids?01:38

What are Lipids?

220.6K
Overview
220.6K
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

1.1K
An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...
1.1K
Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites01:23

Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites

7.2K
A typical nerve cell comprises three main components: the cell body, dendrites, and the axon. The cell body, also known as the soma or perikaryon, serves as the central biosynthetic hub housing a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm containing organelles commonly found in most cells. Notably, Nissl bodies, clusters of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes responsible for protein synthesis, are distinctive features of the neuronal cell body. As neurons age, aggregates of a brown pigment...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correlates of protection against African swine fever virus identified by a systems immunology approach.

eLife·2026
Same author

Comparative dynamics of Japanese encephalitis virus adaptation in porcine macrophages and insect cells.

Virology journal·2026
Same author

Development of a gene-activated matrix for enhanced AAV gene delivery <i>in vitro</i>.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same author

Non-propagating RNA virus-vectored HA/NA vaccine prevents shedding of antigen-drifted H1N1 influenza virus in pigs.

NPJ vaccines·2026
Same author

Virus-like and Virus Replicon Particles Targeting Multiple B-Cell Antigens Do Not Protect Against African Swine Fever Virus.

Vaccines·2026
Same author

Immune responses of Bos indicus versus Bos taurus cattle towards Bluetongue virus or Schmallenberg virus differ significantly.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
08:29

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA

Published on: February 1, 2019

10.6K

Self-Amplifying Replicon RNA Delivery to Dendritic Cells by Cationic Lipids.

Pavlos C Englezou1, Cedric Sapet2, Thomas Démoulins1

  • 1Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern 3147, Switzerland.

Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Self-amplifying mRNA (RepRNA) vaccines show promise for inducing immunity. Cationic lipids effectively deliver RepRNA to dendritic cells, enhancing antigen expression and immune responses against influenza A virus.

Keywords:
RepRNAcationic lipidscellular immunitydendritic cellshumoral immunityinfluenza vaccinesnanoparticle deliveryrepliconself-amplifying

More Related Videos

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes
10:33

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Published on: July 23, 2016

11.2K
Synthesis of Cationized Magnetoferritin for Ultra-fast Magnetization of Cells
10:23

Synthesis of Cationized Magnetoferritin for Ultra-fast Magnetization of Cells

Published on: December 13, 2016

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
08:29

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA

Published on: February 1, 2019

10.6K
Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes
10:33

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Published on: July 23, 2016

11.2K
Synthesis of Cationized Magnetoferritin for Ultra-fast Magnetization of Cells
10:23

Synthesis of Cationized Magnetoferritin for Ultra-fast Magnetization of Cells

Published on: December 13, 2016

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Replication-competent RNA (RepRNA) technology has advanced vaccine development.
  • Cytosolic delivery of RepRNA is crucial for antigen expression and immune induction.
  • Nanoparticle-based delivery vehicles can protect RNA and target immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cationic lipids for delivering RepRNA to dendritic cells.
  • To assess the efficiency of RepRNA translation and subsequent immune response.
  • To explore the potential of RepRNA vaccines for influenza A virus.

Main Methods:

  • RepRNA encoding influenza A virus nucleoprotein genes was constructed.
  • Various cationic lipids were tested for RepRNA delivery to dendritic cells.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies assessed RepRNA translation and immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Certain cationic lipids demonstrated superior delivery and translation of RepRNA.
  • Delivery to dendritic cells did not always guarantee RepRNA translation.
  • In vivo studies confirmed successful induction of immune responses against influenza antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic lipid-mediated delivery is a viable strategy for RepRNA vaccine development.
  • Optimizing lipid selection is key for efficient RepRNA translation and immune response.
  • RepRNA vaccines hold potential for targeting dendritic cells and inducing robust immunity.