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Related Concept Videos

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

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Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
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Multiple Halogenation of Methyl Ketones: Haloform Reaction01:28

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A method involving the transformation of methyl ketones to carboxylic acids using excess base and halogen is called the haloform reaction. It begins with the deprotonation of α hydrogen to form an enolate ion which reacts with the electrophilic halogen to give an α-halo ketone. The step continues until all the α protons are substituted to form a trihalomethyl ketone. The resulting molecule is unstable, and in the presence of a hydroxide base, it readily undergoes nucleophilic...
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Related Experiment Video

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In vitro Methylation Assay to Study Protein Arginine Methylation
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L-[S-methyl-

Verena Pichler1, Chrysoula Vraka1, Neydher Berroterán-Infante1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing radiosynthesis for L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine using automated systems significantly boosts production yield. This enhanced method ensures greater reproducibility and efficiency in routine positron emission tomography (PET) production.

Keywords:
Carbon-11L-[S-methyl-(11)C]methioninePET-tracerRadiopharmaceuticals[(11)C]MeI production

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiochemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Production

Background:

  • Radiosynthesis optimization is critical for routine positron emission tomography (PET) production but often overlooked.
  • Minor adjustments in radiochemical procedures can substantially increase yield and reduce temporal variability.
  • Efficient production planning and timely product release depend on reproducible synthetic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a highly reproducible automated production method for L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine.
  • To demonstrate the impact of radiosynthetic optimization on yield and consistency.
  • To improve the efficiency of PET tracer production.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a fully automated GE TRACERlab FX C Pro synthesizer.
  • Developed and refined a specific radiosynthetic procedure for L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine.
  • Focused on optimizing radiochemical steps to enhance yield and reproducibility.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a highly reproducible production protocol for L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine.
  • The optimized synthetic procedure resulted in a nearly doubled absolute yield compared to previous methods.
  • Demonstrated significant improvements in the efficiency and consistency of automated radiosynthesis.

Conclusions:

  • The presented automated radiosynthesis method significantly enhances L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine production.
  • Optimized procedures are essential for improving yield and reliability in clinical PET tracer manufacturing.
  • This work provides a foundation for more efficient and predictable PET radiopharmaceutical production.