Peramivir: A Review in Uncomplicated Influenza
1Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand. demail@springer.com.
Abstract:
Intravenous peramivir (Alpivab™; Rapivab®; Rapiacta®; PeramiFlu®), the most recent globally approved inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase, is indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated influenza in adults and children from the age of 2 years. This article, written from an EU perspective, reviews the clinical use of peramivir in this indication and summarizes its pharmacological properties. In large, randomized, double-blind, multicentre trials in previously healthy adults with uncomplicated influenza, a single infusion of peramivir 600 mg significantly shortened the median time to resolution of influenza symptoms compared with placebo and was noninferior to the recommended oseltamivir regimen in terms of this primary outcome. Albeit data are limited, results from a noncomparative phase 3 trial in paediatric patients (≈ 95% of whom were aged ≥ 2 years) with acute uncomplicated influenza receiving the recommended dose of peramivir were generally consistent with those in adults. Peramivir was generally well tolerated in children and adults participating in these clinical trials, with most adverse events of mild to moderate intensity. Given its simple single-dose regimen and with intravenous administration offering a potential advantage over oral administration in individuals with nausea, vomiting or having difficulty in swallowing, peramivir provides an additional option for treating uncomplicated influenza infection in adults and children from the age of 2 years.
Insights
Intravenous peramivir effectively treats uncomplicated influenza in adults and children aged two and older. This neuraminidase inhibitor offers a convenient single-dose option with a favorable safety profile for influenza treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Peramivir is a globally approved intravenous neuraminidase inhibitor for influenza treatment.
- It is indicated for uncomplicated influenza in adults and children aged two years and older.
- This review focuses on the clinical use and pharmacological properties of peramivir from an EU perspective.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical use of intravenous peramivir for uncomplicated influenza in adults and children (≥2 years).
- To summarize the pharmacological properties of peramivir.
- To assess peramivir's efficacy and safety as an influenza treatment option.
Main Methods:
- Review of large, randomized, double-blind, multicentre trials in adults with uncomplicated influenza.
- Analysis of a noncomparative phase 3 trial in pediatric patients with acute uncomplicated influenza.
- Evaluation of peramivir's pharmacological properties and clinical safety data.
Main Results:
- A single 600 mg peramivir infusion significantly reduced symptom duration compared to placebo in adults.
- Peramivir demonstrated non-inferiority to oseltamivir in adults regarding symptom resolution time.
- Results in pediatric patients were generally consistent with adult findings; peramivir was well tolerated.
Conclusions:
- Intravenous peramivir is an effective treatment for uncomplicated influenza in adults and children (≥2 years).
- Its single-dose regimen and intravenous administration offer advantages, particularly for patients experiencing nausea or vomiting.
- Peramivir provides a valuable additional therapeutic option for influenza management.
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