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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display
Published on: November 29, 2024
Display Technologies for Generation of Ig Single Variable Domains
Vladimir Bobkov1, Bas van der Woning2, Hans de Haard2
1argenx BVBA, Zwijnaarde, Belgium. vbobkov@argenx.com.
Camelid heavy-chain-only antibody fragments (VHH) are crucial for research and clinical applications. This protocol details constructing VHH immune libraries and using phage display for rapid discovery of antigen-specific antibody clones.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology and Pharmacology
- Immunology and Molecular Biology
Background:
- Variable fragments of heavy-chain-only antibodies (VHH) from camelids offer unique advantages for therapeutic and research applications.
- Their single-domain structure and biochemical properties simplify development for treating autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a detailed protocol for generating VHH immune libraries.
- To describe phage display selection methods for identifying antigen-specific VHH clones.
Main Methods:
- Active immunization of camelids (e.g., llamas) to generate an immune response.
- Construction of VHH immune phage display libraries.
- Selection of VHH clones by screening against target antigens in their native conformation.
Main Results:
- Rapid discovery of a diverse panel of antigen-specific VHH clones.
- Identification of VHH fragments with comprehensive functionalities derived from in vivo maturation.
Conclusions:
- The described protocol enables efficient generation and selection of VHH antibody fragments.
- This method facilitates the development of novel VHH-based biologics for clinical and research use.
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Published on: January 26, 2019
12:04Interactome-Seq: A Protocol for Domainome Library Construction, Validation and Selection by Phage Display and Next Generation Sequencing
Published on: October 3, 2018
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