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How clinicians can minimize transfusion-related adverse events?
C Aubron1, P Aries2, C Le Niger3
1Department of medical intensive care unit, Brest teaching hospital, 29200 Brest, France; Department of epidemiology and preventive medicine, Monash university, Melbourne, Australia.
Summary
Clinicians can prevent transfusion-related adverse events (TRAE) by minimizing blood component exposure and identifying high-risk patients. Adhering to clinical processes and understanding TRAE pathophysiology are crucial for patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Patient Safety
- Clinical Practice
Background:
- Transfusion-related adverse events (TRAE) pose significant risks to patient morbidity and mortality.
- Effective strategies are needed to mitigate these risks at the bedside.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review bedside strategies for avoiding common TRAE.
- To discuss prevention of transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion-associated hypothermia (TAH), transfusion-related allergic reactions (TRAR), and acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTR).
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of strategies to prevent five specific TRAE.
- Focus on clinical application and risk identification.
Main Results:
- Minimizing blood component exposure is key.
- Pre-transfusion assessment identifies risks for TACO, TRAR, TAH.
- Strategies include controlled transfusion rates, specific component use, patient warming, and rigorous error checking for AHTR.
- TRALI prevention involves limiting pulmonary inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Judicious blood use, risk identification, process adherence, and understanding TRAE mechanisms are beneficial.
- Further evidence is needed to optimize TRAE prevention strategies.
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