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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Sequences are fundamental mathematical objects consisting of ordered lists of numbers that follow a specific rule or pattern. Sequences are critical in various mathematical concepts, including calculus, series, and number theory. They can model real-world phenomena such as population growth, financial investments, and physical processes like the diminishing height of a bouncing ball.Each number in a sequence is referred to as a term. Typically, the terms are denoted as a1, a2, a3,…, where...
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Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
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Published on: March 15, 2019

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Genome sequence analysis of

Zahid Ur Rehman1, Intikhab Alam2, Allan Anthony Kamau2

  • 1Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Saudi Arabia.

Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|September 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers sequenced the genome of Zooshikella ganghwensis strain VG4, finding gene clusters for novel antimicrobial compounds. This discovery aids the search for new drugs to combat rising antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords:
Bioactive secondary metabolitesNRPNonribosomal peptidesPKPolyketidesZooshikella ganghwensis genome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, necessitating the discovery of new antimicrobial agents.
  • Novel structural scaffolds are crucial for developing new drugs to overcome existing resistance mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the draft genome sequence of Zooshikella ganghwensis strain VG4, an organism producing antimicrobial metabolites.
  • To identify potential biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for producing these bioactive compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing of Zooshikella ganghwensis strain VG4.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to identify secondary metabolite gene clusters (polyketide synthases, nonribosomal peptide synthetases).
  • In-silico prediction of metabolite structures.

Main Results:

  • The draft genome sequence of Zooshikella ganghwensis strain VG4 was successfully generated.
  • At least five gene clusters with the potential for synthesizing bioactive secondary metabolites were identified.
  • In-silico methods were employed to predict the structures of these potential metabolites.

Conclusions:

  • Zooshikella ganghwensis strain VG4 is a promising source for novel antimicrobial compounds.
  • Genomic analysis provides a roadmap for isolating and characterizing new bioactive secondary metabolites.
  • This study contributes to the pipeline for developing new antimicrobials against resistant pathogens.