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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Design and Development of Aptamer–Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Assays for In-the-field Applications
Published on: June 23, 2016
Recent developments in colorimetric immunoassays using nanozymes and plasmonic nanoparticles
Azureen Mohamad1, Huisian Teo1, Natasha Ann Keasberry1
1Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei.
Abstract:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a popular detection technique for the screening and diagnosis of diseases. The sensitivity of ELISA can be increased by the incorporation of nanoparticles. Through this article, we discuss the utilization of nanoparticles in ELISA. Nanoparticles possess an intrinsic biological peroxidase-like activity which allows it to act as an enzyme mimic for the development of an improved analysis method. Different nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, etc.) carry different peroxidase-mimic characteristics. Besides this, nanoparticles can also perform as a colorimetric substrate in ELISA where it gives a more prominent color change compared to the commonly used colorimetric substrate TMB. This article also focuses on the mechanisms behind this color change including aggregation, in situ nanoparticle growth, seeding, and etching.
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