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The Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index: Measurement equivalence among college students in the U.S. and Mexico
Brian E Armenta1, M Lynne Cooper1
1Department of Psychological Sciences.
Psychological Assessment
|September 11, 2018
Summary
The Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) shows measurement differences across countries. Researchers should use RAPI as a latent variable to ensure accurate comparisons of student alcohol problems.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Cross-cultural Psychology
- Substance Abuse Research
Background:
- The Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) is a common tool for assessing alcohol-related problems in college students.
- Its cross-cultural measurement equivalence has not been previously established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the measurement equivalence of the RAPI across college students in the U.S. and Mexico.
- To identify any Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in the RAPI items.
Main Methods:
- Item response theory (IRT) framework was used to analyze RAPI responses.
- Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses were conducted for U.S. (European Americans, Mexican Americans) and Mexican students.
Main Results:
- Six RAPI items exhibited DIF, with most differing between U.S. and Mexican students.
- Treating RAPI as a latent variable with no DIF assumption did not impact group mean differences or correlations with drinking behaviors.
- Observed RAPI scale scores led to inaccurate mean comparisons between groups.
Conclusions:
- The RAPI demonstrates measurement invariance issues across cultural groups.
- Scholars are advised to model the RAPI as a latent variable for more accurate cross-cultural analyses of alcohol problems.
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