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Interference with granulocyte function by Staphylococcus epidermidis slime.

G M Johnson, D A Lee, W E Regelmann

    Infection and Immunity
    |October 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Staphylococcus epidermidis slime impairs human neutrophil (PMN) function, inhibiting their ability to move towards bacteria and be phagocytosed. This slime may hinder host defense against persistent S. epidermidis infections on medical devices.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of foreign body infections.
    • The organism produces a slime layer that contributes to biofilm formation and persistence.
    • The interaction between S. epidermidis slime and host immune cells, particularly neutrophils, is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of Staphylococcus epidermidis slime on human neutrophil (PMN) function.
    • To determine if S. epidermidis slime interferes with PMN chemotaxis, degranulation, and phagocytosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated S. epidermidis slime was used to treat human PMN.
    • Chemotaxis assays were performed using chemoattractants like n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and zymosan-activated serum.

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  • Degranulation was assessed by measuring the release of lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase.
  • Phagocytosis assays evaluated PMN uptake of S. epidermidis grown with and without slime expression.

    • Main Results:

    • S. epidermidis slime contains a chemoattractant but inhibits PMN chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner.
    • Slime induced limited degranulation in untreated PMN, but predominantly released specific granule contents after cytochalasin B pretreatment.
    • PMN uptake of S. epidermidis expressing slime on plastic surfaces was reduced compared to bacteria without slime expression.

    Conclusions:

    • S. epidermidis slime can impair crucial neutrophil functions, potentially compromising host defense mechanisms.
    • The inhibitory effects of slime on PMN may contribute to the persistence of S. epidermidis infections on medical implants.
    • Understanding these interactions is vital for developing strategies to combat foreign body infections.