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The acute effects of cannabis on human executive function
Priscilla P Oomen1, Hendrika H van Hell, Matthijs G Bossong
1Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Behavioural Pharmacology
|September 11, 2018
Summary
Cannabis use acutely impairs inhibition, particularly with higher doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) via inhalation. Executive functions like working memory may show less impairment due to compensatory brain mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychopharmacology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Cannabis is the most used illicit drug globally, with known acute psychoactive effects.
- Extensive research has explored cannabis's acute impact on human cognition.
- Executive functions are key cognitive domains affected by substance use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review studies on cannabis and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) effects on executive functions.
- To analyze the impact on inhibition, working memory, and reasoning/association.
- To identify factors influencing observed cognitive effects.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of experimental studies.
- Focus on administration of cannabis or delta-9-THC.
- Analysis of effects on inhibition, working memory, and reasoning/association.
Main Results:
- Cannabis use acutely impairs inhibition, especially with higher doses of THC administered via inhalation.
- Neuroimaging suggests the inferior frontal gyrus is key in modulating these inhibitory effects.
- Working memory and reasoning/association show less consistent impairment, potentially due to neural compensation.
Conclusions:
- Acute cannabis use significantly impacts inhibitory control, modulated by specific brain regions.
- Variability in results may stem from study design, administration methods, and user's cannabis history.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the nuances of cannabis's cognitive effects.
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