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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Gastroduodenal motility disorders.

Jan Tack1, K Van den Houte, Florencia Carbone

  • 1Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|September 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers recent advances in understanding and treating gastroduodenal motility disorders like functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis, highlighting new therapeutic options.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Digestive Physiology

Background:

  • Gastroduodenal motility disorders, including functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis, significantly impact patient quality of life.
  • Understanding the underlying pathophysiology is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of gastroduodenal motility disorders.
  • To focus on functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis, providing insights into current research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on gastroduodenal motility disorders.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological findings, including cellular changes and immune activation.
  • Evaluation of novel therapeutic agents and updated management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Pathophysiological research links delayed emptying and impaired accommodation to symptom patterns in these disorders.
  • Functional dyspepsia shows altered duodenal mucosal integrity and low-grade immune activation.
  • Gastroparesis exhibits changes in interstitial cells of Cajal and myenteric neurons.
  • New treatments for gastroparesis include the prokinetic relamorelin and the antiemetic aprepitant.
  • Neuromodulators show efficacy, and new management guidelines for functional dyspepsia have been published.

Conclusions:

  • Recent research has elucidated key pathophysiological mechanisms in gastroduodenal motility disorders.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies, including new prokinetics and neuromodulators, offer improved treatment options.
  • Updated guidelines provide a framework for managing functional dyspepsia effectively.